Just as when bacteria invade the body, the immune system responds by developing antibodies to fight and destroy these foreign cells. The mother's immune system sees the baby's Rh positive red blood cells as foreign. It may also happen, however, anytime blood cells of the two circulations mix such as during a miscarriage or abortion, with a fall, or during an invasive prenatal testing procedure such as an amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. This usually happens at delivery when the placenta detaches. When an Rh negative mother has a baby that is Rh positive, problems can develop if the baby's red blood cells cross to the Rh negative mother. If a person has the genes -, the Rh factor will be negative.Ī baby receives one gene from the father and one from the mother. If a person has the genes + -, the Rh factor will be positive. If a person has the genes + +, the Rh factor in the blood will be positive. The Rh positive gene is dominant (stronger) and even when paired with an Rh negative gene, the positive gene takes over. Rh factors follow a common pattern of genetic inheritance. A baby may have the blood type and Rh factor of either parent, or a combination of both parents. If there is no Rh factor protein, the person is Rh negative. If the Rh factor protein is present on the cells, the person is Rh positive. The Rh factor is a protein that is found on the covering of the red blood cells. The blood type is found as proteins on red blood cells and in body fluids. The blood type and the Rh factor simply mean that a person's blood has certain specific characteristics.
Every person has a blood type, (O, A, B, or AB) and an Rh factor, either positive or negative.
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